This biography of the Ninth Panchen Lama, the second highest spiritual authority in Tibetan Buddhism, offers new insights into the tumultuous history of the relations between China and Tibet at the start of the twentieth century. It demonstrates how the Panchen Lama's flight from his monastery on the night of December 22, 1923, remains an essential characterizing event of Tibet's modern history. His flight from his country set the stage for Chinese Republican, and later Communist, control over the selection of his successors, with repercussions even today for Sino-Tibetan relations.

Fabien Jagou is a member of the cole Franaise dExtrme‐Orient. She teaches Sino-Tibetan history at the Institut dtudes Politiques, Lyon, France, and is author of numerous articles on modern Tibet. She received the Taiwanese‐French Foundations Education and Culture Award for this research.